1 2383-3343 Research Committee of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 30 Special Investigation of Photocatalytic degradation of reactive black5 dye using ZnO-CuO nanocomposite Salehi Kamal Maleki Afshin Shahmoradi Behzad Mansouri Borhan Gharibi Fardin 1 12 2014 15 46 66 74 02 10 2014 01 12 2014 Abstract Background and Aim: Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are widely used for the removal of recalcitrant organic dyes from industrial and municipal wastewater. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the degradation of reactive black 5 using ZnO ZnO-CuO nano composite as a catalyst in the presence of UV light. Material and Methods: This research was an experimental study and performed at laboratory scale. The nanocomposite was characterized by scanning electron microscope) SEM). The effects of parameters on the photocatalysis process such as initial dye concentration, photocatalyst dose and pH were also studied. Result: Results showed that the degradation rate decreases as the initial reactive black5 (RB5) concentration increases. Also photocatalyst dose and pH results showed that the degradation efficiency of RB5 was carried out effectively at an initial pH 5 and photocatalyst dose 1.2 respectively, while increasing the pH and photocatalyst dose causes a decrease of the removal rate. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the photocatalytic process of ZnO-CuO/UV nanocomposite could be suitable technique for degradation of dyes and environmental pollution from effluents.
29 Special Biological properties of Brown algae in Northern Coast of Persian Gulf Farahani Farzaneh Permeh Parisa Nasiri Somayeh Gohari Kakhaki Ahmad Reza Mohamad Gharachik Baiyram Sohrabipoor Jelveh 1 12 2014 15 46 59 65 05 10 2014 19 11 2014 AbstractBackground and Aim: The widespread use of antibiotics leads to resistant strains of microorganisms and antibiotic resistance is increasing throughout the world, therefore, access to new sources of drugs with fewer side effects is important. This paper examines the effects of biological extracts of ethylacetate, methanol and methanol-water of Colpomenia sinousa and Iyengaria stellata in the Northern coast of the Persian Gulf. Methods: In this study after sampling, antibacterial effects of extracts of Colpomenia sinousa and Iyengaria stellata collected from Persian Gulf on a strain of bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus(gram-positive) and E.coli (gram-negative), Pseudomonas aeruginosa examined and the results were compared with standard antibiotics. Extraction was performed using percolation method. Antibacterial effects (MIC) of the extracts were determined. Results: Results of the dilution tests showed, the algal extracts had antibacterial effect and among the extracts, ethyl acetate extracts of Iyengaria stellata (MIC> 2/5 mg / ml) compared to the positive control against three strains of bacteria, have the greatest effect (p <0/05). Conclusion: All three extracts, ethyl acetate, methanol and methanol-water of Colpomenia sinousa and Iyengaria stellata Showed antibacterial effects of Persian Gulf Coast, ethyl acetate extract of Iyengaria stellata greatest effect on each of the three strains of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (PTCC: 1112), E coli (PTCC: 1338), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PTCC1707) and showed that there was significant difference with the positive control (p <0.05). 28 Special Radiation effect on the number of circulating blood cells in patients receiving radiation therapy in Tohid hospital of Sanandaj in 2014 Faraji Kobra Neamatzade Soada Saboori Hojatollah 1 12 2014 15 46 49 58 24 10 2014 17 11 2014 AbstractBackground and Aim: Bone marrow suppression as a serious complication of radiotherapy induces leucopenia or neutropenia that results to hospitalization and antibiotic therapy. There is considerable controversy in scientific literature regarding the need to monitor the complete blood count of patients undergoing radiation therapy. While some advocate weekly examination of the peripheral blood, others deem it unnecessary. Since reduction in the number of blood cells has considerable effect on the treatment outcome, this study evaluates the effect of radiation therapy on the number of blood cells.Methods and Materials: This study designed as a retrospective descriptive study of pre- and post-treatment evaluation. The mean ages of patients was 56 years, and with a mean dose of 52 Gy in 28 fractions were treated. 170 patients who had received radiation therapy, evaluated by comparing the mean count of the circulating blood cells before, during and after therapy. For this purpose the average of hemoglobin, Platelets, Lymphocytes, Neutrophils and white blood cell count were recorded and analyzed. Results: there was a significant relationship Between age and the reduction in white blood cells, hemoglobin, lymphocytes, neutrophils and platelets (p<0/05). also, there was a significant relationship between white blood cells with total dose and number of fractions ,platelets and hemoglobin with duration of treatment and neutrophils with total dose ,number of fractions and duration of treatment(p<0/05). Reduction of blood cells and the need for blood transfusions and injections of PDG was higher in patients with a mean high age. Decline in WBC in the cases had direct relation with total dose and number of fractions. Reduction of hemoglobin and platelet count was more closely related to the duration of treatment and PMN rate in these patients was associated with all of the above.concurrent or prior chemotherapy and gender had no significant relationship with changes in blood cells. Conclusion: It can be concluded that radiotherapy leads to a reduction in the amount of blood cells .this reduction depends on some factors such as age, duration of treatment, the number of fractions and the total dose. 27 Special Concentrations of Cu and Zn in the edible tissues of two fish species Liza klunzingeri and Sillago sihama collected from Hara biosphere in Iran Mohammadnabizadeh Sahar Pourkhabbaz Alireza Afshari Reza 1 12 2014 15 46 40 48 04 11 2014 01 12 2014 Abstract Background and Aim: Anthropogenic processes, in particular industrial, continuously increase the amount of heavy metals in the environment, especially in aquatic ecosystems. On the other hand, organs of aquatic animals may accumulate heavy metals when exposed to toxic concentrations. Several toxic elements can be bioaccumulated via the food chain and finally be assimilated by human marine food consumers involving health risks. In order to determination the heavy metals concentration (Zn, Cu) in muscle tissues of two edible fishes Pampus argenteus and Liza klunzingeri were collected from mangrove conservation area located in the Hormozgan province of Iran. Methods: In this investigation, 72 fish of the Liza klunzingeri and 54 fish of the Pampus argenteus were captured for determination the heavy metals concentration in muscle tissues. Results were expressed as microgram of metal per gram. Metal analyses were performed using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (model AA3030 Perkin Elmer). Statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS statistical package program. Results: Metal concentrations average in the muscle were 6.69 and 0.92 micrograms per gram in the Pampus argenteus and 3.5 and 0.55 micrograms per gram in the Liza klunzingeri respectively. Also, the results show that the mean concentrations for metals were lower compare to international standards. Conclusion: The present results showed that, these fishes, based on the lower levels of metal accumulation, could be safe for human consumption. 26 Special The efficacy of mindfulness based stress reduction on the procrastination reduction Nurses city of Marivan Rahimi Leila Ahmadean Hamzeh Moslemi Bakhtear Ghaderi Naseh khoshroei Mohamad 1 12 2014 15 46 29 39 03 11 2014 11 11 2014 Abstract Background and Aim: procrastination as a habitual behavior that is considered common in various societies and growing trend that is widespread. This study evaluated the effectiveness of training in Mindfulness -based stress reduction on reducing procrastination nurses Festival and Bu in Marivan city, was discussed. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental pre -test - post-test control group. Groups were instructed to 8 sessions of 90 minutes. Results: ANCOVA on the scores of pre-test - post-test indicated that Mindfulness -based stress reduction training groups and the control group there was a significant difference in procrastination. Conclusion: Results can say Mindfulness -based stress reduction training for nurses is effective in reducing procrastination. 25 Special Comparison of attachment styles and marital satisfaction in the city of Marivan citizens Rahimi Leila validipack Azar khoshroei Mohamad Ghaderi Naseh 1 12 2014 15 46 19 28 19 10 2014 07 11 2014 Abstract Background and Aim: One of the factors affecting the stability and reliability of family and marital satisfaction and mental health while his wife and children. Several factors led to the marriage of marriage together. The purpose of this study was to compare the different styles of attachment is marital satisfaction. Methods: The purpose of basic research in terms of how to collect descriptive analysis was performed in the framework of a project. Statistical populations of all citizens living in Marivan city 100 of them 48 women and 52 men are chosen by purposive sampling were analyzed. And voluntarily to the Adult Attachment Questionnaire Hazen and objects around and marital satisfaction questionnaires responded. To analyze the data, t-test and one-way analysis of variance and Scheffe test was used. Results: Marital satisfaction was higher in women (0/05), higher levels of marital satisfaction in safe and unsafe Scheffe's test results showed that marital satisfaction among people with secure attachment of individuals with ambivalent attachment style was higher between marital satisfaction and avoidance of unsafe ambivalent been different. Conclusion: The findings show the importance of early transition experiences in the family is that these experiences can affect marital satisfaction. 24 Special Evaluation the effect of central A2a receptor inhibition on morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats Charkhpour M Parvizpur A Namjo Z Moradi S Hassanzadeh K 1 12 2014 15 46 8 18 08 10 2014 26 10 2014 AbstractBackground and Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of antagonist of A2a receptore on morphine withdrawal syndrome in male rat.Method: Male wistar rats (200-250 gr) were selected randomly and divided into six groups (n=8). Morphine was administered twice a day for nine days (day 1: 5mg/kg/12h, day 2,3: 10mg/kg/12h, day 4,5: 15 mg/kg/12h, day 6,7: 20mg/kg/12h, day 8,9: 25 mg/kg/12h). SCH-58261)40, 80, 160µg/5µl/Rat) injected interacerebroventricular on 9th day, 30 minute after the last dose of morphine. Tirtheen minutes later, naloxone (4mg/kg, ip) injected and the withdrawal signs (Rearing, Genital Grooming, Abdomen Writhing, Teeth Chattering and Wet Dog Shake) were recorded for 60 minutes. Result: Results showed that chronic morphine administration for nine days induced morphine dependency and naloxone injection percipitated withdrawal symptoms in dependent rats. Also the results indicated that intracerebroventricular administration of A2a receptore antagonist (SCH-58261) reduced all morphine-induced withdrawal symptoms.  Conclusion: In conclusion we found that central injection of SCH-58261 as an A2a receptore antagonist decreased morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats. 23 Special Evaluation of bioaccumulation of lead and cadmium in the muscle tissue of slaughtered cow in Sanandaj City Mansouri Borhan Ariyaee Masoumeh Rezaei Zahed 1 12 2014 15 46 1 7 06 11 2014 24 11 2014 ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Environment pollution by heavy metals has become a worldwide issue during recent years due to their toxicity, long persistence, accumulation in the food chain and the potential for human exposure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine concentrations of lead and cadmium metals in the muscles of cow slaughtered in Sanandaj city in 2014. Materials and Methods: The study was cross- sectional. A total of 40 muscle individuals belonging to cow was collected for determine of lead and cadmium in the muscle. Metal concentrations in the muscle were given as µg g-1 wet weight. Metal concentrations were assayed using Shimadzu AA 6600 atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 16 SPSS, Chicago, IL).Results: The mean concentration of lead in the muscle of cow was 15.5 mg/kg. Moreover, the results of this study showed that the cadmium concentration in the muscle of cow was 12.8 mg/kg.  Conclusion: According to results of this study, the metal concentration in the muscle samples was generally lower than the maximum acceptable concentration in European Commission (EC).