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Abstract Background and Aim: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease that cause by protozoan parasites of the type of Leishmania. These parasites include the blood and tissue flagellates that can occur in different forms of leishmaniasis. Based on this, the term of leishmaniasis refers to a spectrum of diseases. Selenium is an essential element with important physiological role in the body. The purpose of this study was to compare serum selenium levels in Leishmaniasis patients in comparison with normal subjects. Material and Methods: The serum selenium levels of healthy and patient individuals with Cutaneous Leishmania were obtained by means of Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. MATLAB version 8 performs statistical analysis in this study. Results: Statistical analysis in this research demonstrates that there is a significant differences between selenium concentration in the serum of patients with cutaneous leishmania and healthy people. The serum selenium levels are 61± 13 μg/l and 82 ± 7 μg / l for Coetaneous Leishmania and healthy people respectively. Conclusions: Selenium has antioxidant properties that can be used with respect to this property as an anti-inflammatory agent. Low levels of selenium can reduce the level of Glutathione Peroxides and this factor can reduce the serum selenium levels in leishmaniasis cases. Keywords: Coetaneous Leishmania, Selenium, Serum

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